This course introduces the students to the environmental consequences of Industries, development actions etc. and the methods of minimizing their impact through technology and legal systems.

Ecological Concepts and Natural Resources: Ecological perspective and value of environment. Environmental auditing, Biotic components, Ecosystem Process: Energy, Food Chain, Water cycle, Oxygen cycle, Nitrogen cycle etc., Environmental gradients, Tolerance levels of environment factor, EU, US and Indian Environmental Law, Global Perspective. Chemistry in Environmental Engineering: Atmospheric chemistry, Soil chemistry, Material balances and Reactor configurations.

Water Pollution: water quality standards and parameters, Assessment of water quality, Aquatic pollution, Estuarine water quality, Marine pollution, Organic content parameters, Ground water Contamination, Water table and Aquifer, Ground water recharge. Water quality parameter and standards. Water Treatment: Water treatment processes, Pre-treatment of water, Conventional process, Advanced water treatment process. Waste Water Treatment: DO and BOD of Waste water treatment process, pretreatment, primary and secondary treatment of waste water, Activated sludge treatment: Anaerobic digestion and its microbiology, Reactor configurations and methane production. Application of anaerobic digestion. Air Pollution: Air pollution and pollutants, criteria pollutants, Acid deposition, Global climate change - green house gases, non-criteria pollutants, emission standard form industrial sources, air pollution metereology, Atmospheric dispersion. Industrial Air Emission Control: Characterization of air stream, Equipment selection, Equipment design, Special Methods: Flue gas desulphurization, NOx removal, Fugitive emissions.

Solid Waste Management Source classification and composition of MSW: properties and separation, storage and transportation, MSW Management, Waste minimization of MSW, Reuse and recycling, Hazardous Waste Management, Hazardous waste and their generation, Transportation and treatment of hazardous waste: Incinerators, Inorganic waste treatment, handling of treatment plant residue. Waste minimization techniques. Noise Pollution: Physical Properties of sound, Noise criteria, Noise Standards, Noise measurement, Noise control. Environment impact Assessment, Origin and procedure of EIA, Project Screening for EIA, Scope studies, Preparation and review of EIS.

1. Environmental Engineering Irwin/ McGraw Hill International Edition, 1997, G. Kiely,
2. Environmental Engineering & Safety by Prof B.K. Mohapatra, Seven Seas Publication,

1. Environmental Engineering by Arcadio P. Sincero & Gergoria A.Sincero PHI Publication
2. Principles of Environmental Engineering and Science, M. L. Davis and S. J. Masen, McGraw Hill International Edition, 2004
3. Environmental Science, Curringham & Saigo, TMH,
4. Man and Environment by Dash & Mishra
5. An Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science by Gilbert M. Masters & Wendell P. Ela - PHI Publication.

Objective: The course aims at acquainting all engineering graduates irrespective of their specializations the basic issues and tools of managing production and operations functions of an organization.

1. Operations Function in an Organization, Manufacturing Vrs Service Operations, System view of Operations, Strategic Role of Operations, Operations Strategies for Competitive Advantage, Operations Quality and Productivity Focus, Meeting Global Challenges of Production and Operations Imperatives.
2. Designing Products, Services and Processes: New Product Design- Product Life Cycle, Product Development Process, Process Technology: Project, Jobshop, Batch, Assembly Line, Continuous Manufacturing; Process Technology Life Cycle, Process Technology Trends, FMS, CIM, CAD, CAM; Design for Services, Services Process Technology.
3. Work Study: Methods Study- Techniques of Analysis, recording, improvement and standardization; Work Measurement: Work Measurement Principles using Stopwatch Time Study, Predetermined Motion Time Standards and Work Sampling, Standard Time Estimation.

4. Location and Layout Planning: Factor Influencing Plant and Warehouse Locations, Impact of Location on cost and revenues. Facility Location Procedure and Models: Qualitative Models, Breakeven Analysis, location Model, centroid method.
5. Layout Planning: Layout Types: Process Layout, Product Layout, Fixed Position Layout Planning, block diagramming, line balancing, computerized layout planning- overview. Group Technology
6. Forecasting: Principles and Method, Moving Average, weighted Moving Average, Exponential Smoothing, Winter's Method for Seasonal Demand, Forecasting Error.(4 Hours)
7. Manufacturing Planning and Control: The Framework and Components: Aggregate Planning, Master Production Scheduling, Rough-cut-Capacity Planning, Material Requirements Planning, Capacity Requirements Planning.

8. Sequencing and Scheduling: Single Machine Sequencing: Basics and Performance Evaluation Criteria, Methods for Minimizing Mean Flow Time, Parallel Machines: Minimization of Makespan, Flowshop sequencing: 2 and 3 machines cases: Johnson's Rule and Jobshop Scheduling: Priority dispatching Rules. (3 Hours)
9. Inventory Control: Relevant Costs, Basic EOQ Model, Model with Quantity discount, Economic Batch Quantity, Periodic and Continuous Review Systems, Safety Stock, Reorder Point and Order Quantity Calculations. ABC Analysis. (4 Hours)
10. Modern Trends in Manufacturing: Just in Time (JIT) System: Shop Floor Control By Kanbans, Total Quality Management, Total Productive Maintenance, ISO 9000, Quality Circle, Kaizen, Poka Yoke, Supply Chain Management.

1. S.N.Chary, "Production and Operations Management", Tata McGraw Hill.
2. R. Paneerselvam, "Production and Operations Management, Prentice Hall of India.
3. Aswathappa & Bhatt - Production & Operations Management, HPH.
4. Gaither & Frazier - Operations Management, Cengage Publication
5. Russell & Taylor - Operations Management, PHI Publication
6. Chase, Aquilanno, Jacob & Agarwal - Operations Management, TMH Publication.
7. E.E. Adam and R.J. Ebert "Production and Operations Management", Prentice Hall of India

INTRODUCTION
Different sources (Conventional and nonconventional) of energy and the principle of power generation only, Types of power plant and site selection, overall view of a steam power plant.
STEAM GENERATOR
Fossil fuel steam generators, classification, circulation in water tube boilers, Modern high pressure water tube boilers( both sub critical and super critical), Boiler mounting and accessories, Combustion equipment: air supply systems (Natural and Mechanical Draught Systems). Pulverized coal burning systems and Basics of Fluidized bed combustion, Feed water treatment (Necessity & general consideration only). Boiler performance calculations.
FLOW THROUGH NOZZLES
Types of nozzles and their area of application & related calculation, critical pressure & chocked flow, super saturated flow. Effect of friction and nozzle efficiency

STEAM TURBINES
Turbine types, Variation of Pressure and Velocity in different types of turbines, Simple impulse Turbines, Flow through turbine blades and velocity diagram, Pressure - compounded impulse turbines and Velocity compounded impulse turbines. Turbine power and related calculations.
REACTION TURBINES
Reaction turbines Flow through blades and velocity diagram, degrees of reaction, Parsons turbine, power and related calculations, Blade height calculations, Losses in steam turbines, Reheat factor & condition line, Governing of turbines.

STEAM CONDENSER & CIRCULATING WATER SYSTEMS
Types, Surface condenser, Performance calculation, Air removal methods, Vacuum & vacuum efficiency. Cooling towers.(types, principle of operation and performance)
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
Introduction, Nuclear fuels, Nuclear fission, Reactor components, & materials and classification,, Boiling Water Reactor (BWR), Pressurized water Reactor (PWR), CANDU Reactor, Gas cooled Reactors, Liquid metal fast breeder Reactor. Heavy water Reactors .Waste disposal and Safety of Nuclear power plant
ECONOMICS OF POWER PLANT
Basic definitions, cost of electrical energy( Fixed cost and operating cost), Types of tariff, Types of loads( typical load curves), Economic Load sharing

1. Power plant Engineering ; - By P.K. Nag (2nd edition) TMH
2. Power Plant Engineering by Arora and Domkundwar, Dhanpat Rai publications

1. Power Plant Engineering by Yadav
2. Power Plant Engineering by Rajput
3. Power plant technology: By E.I. Wakil TMH
4. Power Plant Engineering by C.Elanchezhian, Sarvanakumar, Vijayramnath, IK International Publishing house Pvt Ltd

Design philosophy: (i) Infinite life, (ii) Safe life, (iii) Fail safe and (iv) Damage tolerant design concepts.
Fatigue Design: Cyclic stress and stress reversals, Fatigue and progressive fracture, Endurance limit, Fatigue Tests: Cantilever and Beam type of Fatigue Tests, Axial Fatigue Tests. Influence of mean stress on fatigue: Gerber, Goodman and soderberg's criteria. Effect of compressive cyclic stress on fatigue. Fatigue design formula for axial, bending, torsional and combined loading.
Fatigue controlling factors: Effect of frequency, Temperature, size, form, stress concentration factors, Notch, sensitivity & surface conditions, residual stresses.

Improvement of fatigue strength' by chemical/metallurgical processes such as ritriding, flame hardening, case carburizing. Fatigue strength enhancement by mechanical work: cold rolling, peening, shot peening.
Effect of environment: Corrosion Fatigue, Concept of cumulative fatigue damage
Fracture Mechanics: Ductile and brittle fracture Theoretical cohesive strength of metasl, Griffith Theory of brittle Fracture, Oruron's modification to Griffith Theory.

Modes of fracture: Mode I, II and III, fatigue creek growth Behaviour of metals, Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM), Stress Intensity Factor(SIF), Stress field near the crack tip, Critical SIF and Fracture Toughness, Experimental determination of fracture toughness KIC, COD gauges and standard ASTM Tests. Strain Energy Release Rates (SERR), Elasto-Plastic Fracture Mechanics (EPFM), Plastic zone size and its evaluation, J-Integral Method.
Creep Analysis:
Definition, Constant stress and constant, strain creep tests. Uniaxial creep tests: Baily's Power Law, Creep relaxation: strain hardening and time hardening creep relaxation. Introduction to Creep bending and deflection of simple problems.

1. George E. Dieter, Mechanical Metallurgy, - Mc Graw Hill, NY, 1988
2. Joseph Marin, Mechanical Behaviour of Engg. Materials, - Prentice Hall of India, 1966
3. Stephens, R.I. and Fuchs, H.O., Metal Fatigue in Engg. ,- Wiley, NY 2001
4. Finnie, I. and Heller, W.R., Creep of Engg. Materials, - Mc Graw Hill Book Co., 1959
5. Prasant Kumar, Fracture Mechanics

1. L.S. Srinath, Advanced Mechanics of Materials, - Tata Mc Graw Hill Ltd., ND, 2009.
2. Norman E, Dowling, Mechanical Behaviour of Materials, - Prentice Hall, NJ, 1999.
3. Lessells, J.M., strength and resistance of materials, - John wiley & sons, 1954
4. Peterson, R.E., Stress Concentration Design Factors,- John Wiley & Sons, 1953
5. Meguid, S.A., Fracture Mechanics,- John Wiley & Sons, 1996
6. Kare Hellan, Introduction to Fracture Mechanics, - Mc Graw Hill Book Co., 1985

Elementary Elasticity:
Stress at a point, Principal Stresses in 2D and 3D stress systems, strain and stress-strain velations, principal strains, plane stress and plane strain problems.
Theory of Photo elasticity: Photo elasticity methods- Light and optics as related to photoelasticity, polarization of light, plane and circularly polarized light, plane polariscopes. The stress-optic law, effects of a stressed model in plane and civculor polariscopes. Dark field and light field arrangements

Photoelestic model materials for two-dimensional applications, calibration methods.
Analysis techniques, Isochromatic and Isoclinic fringe Patterns, Compensation techniques, stress separation techniques, scaling model to prototype stresses. Birefringent coatings and scattered light in Photo-elasticity, reflection polariscope.

Strain-measurement methods and related instrumentation
Electrical resistance strain gauges, Gage construction, gage factor, selection, temperature compensation, semiconductor strain gauges.
Strain gage circuits, Wheatstone and Potentiometer bridge circuits, Rosette Analysis, recording instruments, Dynamic strain measurements.
Brittle coating methods, Behaviour of stress coats and its application.
Grid Technique of displacement/strain analysis.

1. Experimental Stress Analysis by James W. Dally and William F. Riley, Mc Graw Hill Pub. Co., 1965
2. Experimental stress Analysis and Motion Measurements by Dove and Adams Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd

1. Timoshenko, S. P. and Goodier, J.N., Theory of Elasticity, Mc Graw Hill Book Co., NY, 1951
2. Durelli, A.J., Phillips, E. and Tsao, C.H., Introduction to the Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Stress and Strain, Mc Graw Hill Book Co., NY, 1958.
3. Frocht, M.M., Photoelasticity, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NY, 1948. (vol I & II).
4. Durelli, A.J. Applied stress Analysis, Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd.

Elementary Elasticity:
Stress at a point, Principal Stresses in 2D and 3D stress systems, strain and stress-strain velations, principal strains, plane stress and plane strain problems.
Theory of Photo elasticity: Photo elasticity methods- Light and optics as related to photoelasticity, polarization of light, plane and circularly polarized light, plane polariscopes. The stress-optic law, effects of a stressed model in plane and civculor polariscopes. Dark field and light field arrangements

Photoelestic model materials for two-dimensional applications, calibration methods.
Analysis techniques, Isochromatic and Isoclinic fringe Patterns, Compensation techniques, stress separation techniques, scaling model to prototype stresses. Birefringent coatings and scattered light in Photo-elasticity, reflection polariscope.

Strain-measurement methods and related instrumentation
Electrical resistance strain gauges, Gage construction, gage factor, selection, temperature compensation, semiconductor strain gauges.
Strain gage circuits, Wheatstone and Potentiometer bridge circuits, Rosette Analysis, recording instruments, Dynamic strain measurements.
Brittle coating methods, Behaviour of stress coats and its application.
Grid Technique of displacement/strain analysis.

1. Experimental Stress Analysis by James W. Dally and William F. Riley, Mc Graw Hill Pub. Co., 1965
2. Experimental stress Analysis and Motion Measurements by Dove and Adams Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd

1. Timoshenko, S. P. and Goodier, J.N., Theory of Elasticity, Mc Graw Hill Book Co., NY, 1951
2. Durelli, A.J., Phillips, E. and Tsao, C.H., Introduction to the Theoretical and Experimental Analysis of Stress and Strain, Mc Graw Hill Book Co., NY, 1958.
3. Frocht, M.M., Photoelasticity, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., NY, 1948. (vol I & II).
4. Durelli, A.J. Applied stress Analysis, Prentice Hall of India (P) Ltd.

Principles of Maintenance, Fault analysis planning and system availability: Failure modes, effects and criticality analysis (FMECA), Failure effects assessment (FEA), Critical areas assessment, Fault tree method, Availability concepts, Failure prediction/reliability assessment Data Processing and Signal Analysis: Computer-Aided Data Acquisition, Time Domain Analysis, Frequency Domain Analysis - Fast Fourier Transform Performance trend monitoring: Primary monitoring - performance, Primary and secondary performance parameters, Performance trend analysis

Vibration Analysis: Vibration monitoring equipment, System monitors and vibration limit detectors, vibration monitoring experience Discrete frequencies: Introduction, Simple vibrations, Gear excitation, Rolling element bearings, Blade vibration, Fans and Pumps and Case Studies on Vibration Monitoring Contaminant analysis: Contaminants in used lubricating oils, Carrier fluid degradation, Contaminant monitoring techniques (Wear processes), Oil degradation analysis, Abrasive particles in lubrication oil, Abrasive particle in bearings, Abrasive particle in hydraulic systems, Dissolved gas fault monitoring

Electric Motor Current and Signature Analysis
Non-Destructive Test and Evaluation technology: Overview:
Radiography, Ultrasonics: Principle, transducers, equipments and testing
Liquid Penetrant Test, Magnetic Particle Test, Eddy Current Test.
Other Topics: Thermal Infrared Imaging, Acoustic Emission, Leak Testing
Industrial Applications of NDE

1. Mechanical Fault Diagnosis and Condition Monitoring by Ralph Albert Collacott, Wiley (or Chapman and Hall, 1977)

1. Condition Based Maintenance and Machine Diagnostics, John W Williams, Alan Davies, Paul R Drake, Springer, 2006
2. Rotating Machinery Vibration; From Analysis to Troubleshooting, Maurice L. Adams, Jr., CRC Press
3. Lubrication and Maintenance of Industrial Machinery; Best Practices and Reliability, R.M.Gresam and G.E.Totten, CRC Press
4. Vibration, Monitoring and Diagnosis: Techniques for Cost-effective Plant Maintenance by Ralph Albert Collacott, 1979, Wiley
5. Handbook on Condition Monitoring, B.K.N. Rao, Elsevier Science 1998
6. Handbook of Condition Monitoring Techniques and Methodology, M.Davies, Springer 2006
7. Vibratory Condition Monitoring of Machines", J.S.Rao, CRC Press, 2000
8. Vibration Monitoring, Testing, and Instrumentation, Editor(s): Clarence W. de Silva, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, Series: Mechanical Engineering Series, CRC Press (Taylor & Francis)
9. Non-destructive Test and Evaluation of Materials, J.Prasad and C.G.K.Nair, Tata-McGraw-Hill
10. Machinery Condition Monitoring and Trouble Shooting, John S. Mitchell

Overview: Definition of MIS, Data processing and MIS, Characteristics of MIS, Need / importance of MIS in organization, Limitations of MIS; MIS and other disciplines Data and Information; Characteristics of Information; Types of Information Operational, Tactical and Strategic information; Managers as Information Processors; System Approach: MIS as a system, Sub-systems of MIS - Activity sub-systems, Functional sub-system Decision Making: Decision-making under certainty, risk and uncertainty; Phases of Decision-making Process; Decision Models - Classical Economic Model, Administrative Model; Organizational Decision-making Planning for development of MIS: Feasibility Analysis - Technical, Economic, Motivational, Schedule and Operational Feasibility; MIS development as a project;

Overview of System Life Cycle Models - Waterfall model, Prototyping model and Spiral model System Analysis and Design (SAD): Purpose, Requirement engineering, Typical content of System Requirement Specification (SRS), System Design - high level design and low level design, Characteristics of good design - coupling and cohesion Overview of tools used in SAD - Context diagram, Data Flow Diagram (DFD), Data Dictionary, ER diagram, Structure charts, HIPO documentation, Decision Table, Decision Tree, Pseudocode

MIS in Organization: MIS in Marketing; Manufacturing; HRM; Accounting and Finance, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System. Business Intelligence (BI): Role of BI in marketing, finance, human resource, and manufacturing; Overview of DSS, Data Mining and Data Warehouse Implementation of MIS: Critical Success Factor Information System Security, Privacy, Social and Ethical issues

1. Management Information Systems, M Jaiswal & M Mital, Oxford Univ. Press
2. Information Systems for Modern Management, Murdick, Ross & Claggett, PHI
3. Management Information System, Launden & Launden, Pearson
4. Management Information System, James O Brian, TMH
5. Management Information Systems, A K Gupta, Sultan Chand & Sons
6. Management Information System, Jawadekar, McGraw Hill

Objective of the Course: The course aims at introducing the basic concepts of marketing to the undergraduate students in engineering. The learning shall help the students in better designing, manufacturing and selling product/ service packages keeping competitive market, customers and cost in view.

Marketing Management: Concept, Process, Functions and relevance in the current context.
Marketing Environment: Elements of micro and macro environment
Competition Analysis: Factors contributing to competition, porter's five forces model, Identifying and analyzing competitors.
Marketing Planning: Exploring OpportModuley, Product - market selection, Marketing Planning Process.
Market Research and Information Systems: Research Process, The Internet and World Wide Web based Information collection and processing, Database, Data Warehouses and Data Mining, Global Market Research.
Consumer Behavior: Factors influencing consumer behavior, consumer decision process. Organizational buying behavior.

Market Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning: Definition, Bases of segmenting consumer and Industrial markets. Target Market strategies: Market Positioning.
Market Demand Forecasting: Key Terms, Forecasting Tools: Short term tools: Moving average and Exponential smoothing methods, Long-term forecasting Tools: Time series analysis, Econometrics methods, Qualitative tools: Buying Intention Survey, Sales Force Opinion and Delphi Techniques.
Product Planning: Product Life Cycle, New Product Development Process, Branding
Strategy, Positioning a Brand, Brand Equity, Packaging and Labeling, Product-mix and Product Line, Planned Obsolescence.

Pricing Decision: Objectives and Factors influencing pricing, Pricing method and strategies.
Integrated Marketing Communication(IMC)- Concept of IMC, the marketing communication process, Promotion Mix, elements of promotion mix, Direct marketing.
Channels of Distributions: Types of intermediaries, functions of distribution channels,
channel levels, Designing Distribution Channels, Physical Distribution, Supply Chain
Management (Basic only).
Trends in Marketing: Green Marketing, Customer Relationship Management, E-marketing, Rural Marketing and Service Marketing (concepts only)

1. Etzel , Walker ,Stanton and Pandit, Marketing, 14/e, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Saxena, "Marketing Management" Tata McGraw Hill, 4/e.

1. Grewal, Levy, 'Marketing' Tata McGraw Hill, special Indian edition.
2. Karunakaran "Marketing Management", Himalaya Publishing House, 2010/e.
3. Kotler, Keller,Koshy and Jha, "Marketing Management", 13/e, Pearson Education.

Sensor Network Concept: Introduction, Networked wireless sensor devices, Advantages of Sensor networks, Applications, Key design challenges.
Network deployment: Structured versus randomized deployment, Network topology, Connectivity, Connectivity using power control, Coverage metrics, Mobile deployment.

Localization and Tracking: Issues and approaches, Problem formulations: Sensing model, collaborative localization. Coarse-grained and Fine-grained node localization. Tracking multiple objects: State space decomposition.
Synchronization: Issues and Traditional approaches, Fine-grained clock synchronization, and Coarse-grained data synchronization

Wireless Communications: Link quality, shadowing and fading effects
Medium-access and sleep scheduling: Traditional MAC protocols, Energy efficiency in MAC protocols, Asynchronous sleep techniques, Sleep-scheduled techniques, and Contention-free protocols.
Routing: Metric-based approaches, Multi-path routing, Lifetime-maximizing energy-aware routing techniques, Geographic routing.
Sensor network Databases: Data-centric routing, Data-gathering with compression, Querying, Data-centric storage and retrieval, the database perspective on sensor networks.
Security: Privacy issues, Attacks and countermeasures.

1. 1. Wireless Sensor Networks: An Information Processing Approach- by Feng Zhao, Leonidas Guibas , Morgan Kaufmann Series in Networking 2004.

1. Networking Wireless Sensors: Bhaskar Krismachari, Cambridge University Press
2. Wireless Sensor Networks: Edited by C.S Raghavendra, Krishna M, Sivalingam, Taieb Znati , Springer.
3. Wireless Sensor Networks: Technology, Protocols, and Applications: Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli, Taieb Znati , Wiley Inter Science.

Overview of MEMS and Microsystems. (Chapter 1 of Text Book 1)
Micromachining Techniques: Silicon as material for micromachining, Photolithography, thin film deposition, doping, wet and dry etching, surface and bulk micromachining, Wafer bonding, packaging. (Chapter 3 and Section 8.2 of Text Book 1, Chapter 2 of Text Book 2)

Microsystem Modeling and Design: Mechanics of deformable bodies, Energy method, Estimation of stiffness and damping for different micro-structures, Modeling of electromechanical systems, Pull-in voltage. (Section 4.1 to 4.3 and 6.2.2 of Text Book 1, Section 3.4 of Text Book 2)

MEMS Applications: Mechanical sensors and actuators: Piezoresistive pressure sensors, MEMS capacitive accelerometer, Gyroscopes, Piezoelectric actuators.
(Section 8.3 of Text Book 1 and Section 5.3 and 5.11 of Text Book 2)
Optical: Micro-lens, Micro-mirror, Optical switch (Section 7.5 to 7.7 of Text Book 2)
Radio frequency MEMS: Inductor, Varactor, Filter, Resonator. (Section 9.3 to 9.7 of Text Book 2)
Microfluidics: Capillary action, Micropumping, Electrowetting, Lab-on-a-chip. (Section 10.1 to 10.8 of Text Book 2)

1. G.K. Ananthsuresh, K.J. Vinoy, S. Gopalakrishnan, K.N. Bhat and V.K. Atre: Micro and Smart Systems, Wiley India, New Delhi, 2010.
2. N.P. Mahalik: MEMS, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2007.

1. T. Hsu: MEMS and Microsystems: Design and Manufacture, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2002.