Lateral Earth Pressure and Retaining Structures: Concept of earth pressure, Earth pressure at rest, active and passive earth pressure for both cohesionless and cohesive soils, Earth pressure theories: Rankine�s theory, Coumb�s Wedge theory, Graphical methods: Rebhan�s and Culmann�s graphical solutions, Stability conditions for retaining walls.
Bearing Capacity: Definitions, Rankine�s analysis, Types of failures: General and local shear failure, Terzaghi�s Analysis, Brinch-Hansen analysis, Meyerhof�s analysis, Vesics�s bearing capacity equation, Effect of water table on bearing capacity, IS code method for computing bearing capacity, Field Methods: Plate load test and its limitations, Standard penetration test.
Shallow Foundations: Types of foundations: Spread footing, combined and strap footing, mat or raft footing, Settlement of footings.
Deep Foundations: Difference between shallow and deep foundations, Types of deep foundations. Pile Foundations: Types of piles, pile driving, load carrying capacity of piles-static and dynamic formulae, Pile load test and its limitations, correlation with penetration tests, Group action in piles- settlement and efficiency of pile groups in clay, negative skin friction, Under reamed pile foundation. Basics of well foundation - types, component parts and ideas about the forces acting on a well foundation.
Subsoil Exploration: Necessity and planning for subsoil exploration, Methods - direct (test pits and trenches), indirect (sounding, penetration tests and geophysical methods).
Soil sampling � types of samples, standard penetration test, static and dynamic cone penetration test, in-situ vane shear test, Rock coring, soil exploration report.
Rock Mechanics: Introduction, problems, defects in rock mass, joints, faults, folds, methods of geophysical prospecting, seismic and electrical method.
General requirement for water supply, sources, quality of water, intake, pumping and transportation of water. Physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water and their significance, water quality criteria, water borne diseases, natural purification of water sources.
Module � IIEngineered systems for water treatment : aeration, sedimentation, softening coagulation, filtration, adsorption, ion exchange, and disinfection. Water distribution system. Generation and collection of waste water, sanitary, storm and combined sewerage systems, quantities of sanitary waste and storm water, design of sewerage system Primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of wastewater. Waste water disposal standards,
Module � IIIBasic of microbiology. Biological wastewater treatment system : Aerobic processes activated sludge process and its modifications, trickling filter, RBC, Anaerobic Processes conventional anaerobic digester, High rate and hybrid anaerobic reactors, Sludge digestion and handling, Disposal of effluent and sludge, Design problems on water distribution, sewerage, water treatment units, wastewater treatment units and sludge digestion.
Reference Books:
Precipitation, its Measurement and Analysis: Hydrologic cycle, catchment area and watershed, Rainfall and its characteristics, Rain gauges, Non-Recording and Recording type, Average rainfall over a catchment, Evapo-transpiration, Pan evaporation, Pan coefficient, Infiltration, W-Index and � -Index.
Discharge Measurement: Stream gauging, Flow rating curve, Use of current meters for velocity measurement, Dye-dilution method of discharge measurement, Estimation of discharge.
Hydrograph: Characteristics of a Run off hydrograph, Unit hydrograph, S-hydrograph, Instantaneous Unit hydrograph, Synthetic Unit hydrograph, Duration Curve, Mass flow hydrograph.
Flood Control: Flood flows, Frequency studies, Statistical analysis for flood prediction, Method of flood control, Flood routing, Reservoir routing and Channel routing, River training works
Open Channel Flow: Definition, Uniform flow, Chezy�s Kutter�s equation, Most economical section, specific energy, critical, subcritical, supercritical flow, Non-uniform flow, Gradual varied flow, Hydraulic jump,
Dock and Harbours: Natural and artificial harbours, Selection of site, study of winds, tides and wave actions, Accretion and denudation, Principle of construction of Breakwaters, Quays and jetties, Dry, Wet and Floating Docks.
Hydrologic cycle, Water balance, Occurrence of ground water: Origin, geological formations as aquifers, type of aquifers, groundwater basins, springs. Darcy�s Law, validity of Darcy�s Law permeability, laboratory and field measurement of permeability, groundwater Flow lines. Steady flow to a well, steady radial flow to a well in confined aquifer and unconfined aquifer, Unsteady radial flow into a confined aquifer, Non equilibrium Theis equation, Theis method of solution, multiple well system.
Module IIMethods of constructions of deep and shallow wells: The percussion (or cable tool) method of drilling, Direct circulation hydraulic rotary method, Down the hole hammer method, well logs-receptivity logging, testing of wells for yield, Effect of irrigation, stream flow, rainfall on groundwater fluctuations, seasonal and secular variations, fluctuation due to miscellaneous causes. Surface and Subsurface investigations of groundwater: Geophysical exploration, Electrical resistivity method, aerial photo interpretation, remote sensing applications to ground water exploration, test drilling, Artificial recharge by water spreading, through pits and shaft, recharge through other methods;
Module IIIGround water pollution: Municipal sources, liquid wastes from domestic uses, solid wastes, Industrial sources, tank and pipeline leakage, Mining activity, agricultural sources, septic tank and cesspools, saline water intrusion in coastal aquifers, methods to control saline water intrusion ; Groundwater management: Concepts of Basin management, Equation of hydrologic equilibrium, groundwater basin investigations, conjunctive use of surface and groundwater.
Reference Books:(Relevant IS Codes are permitted for use in the University Examination)
Module IIntroduction to earthquake design and detailing, cyclic behaviour of concrete and reinforcement, significance of ductility, design and detailing for ductility, codal provisions, simple problems based on above concept, computation of earthquake forces on building frames using seismic coefficient method as per IS 1893-2002
Module IIRetaining walls, various forces acting on retaining wall, stability requirement, design of cantilever and counterfort retaining walls, Design of water tanks, design requirements, design of tanks on ground, under ground and elevated water tanks.
Module IIIIntroduction to Prestressed concrete: Prestressing system, Pre-tensioning and post-tensioning systems, materials and codes, need for high strength steel and concrete, basic concepts, losses of prestress, analysis of beams under prestress and bending stresses. Types of bridges, components , various types of loads and forces acting on bridges, types of IRC loading, Design of slab culverts
Reference Books
Introduction: definition and characteristics, fibres, matrices, fibre reinforced composites, advantages and limitations, basic concepts and characteristics: isotropy, orthotropy, classification, lamina and laminate, micromechanics and macromechanics, constituent materials and properties.
Elastic behaviour of unidirectional lamina: specially orthotropic and transversely isotropic material, relation between mathematical and engineering constants, stress strain relations for thin lamina, transformation of stress and strain, transformation of elastic parameters, transformation of stress-strain relations in terms of engineering constants.
Elastic behaviour of multidirectional laminates, symmetric and balanced laminates, design considerations, computational procedure for finding engineering elastic properties, stress and failure analysis of multidirectional laminates.
Module III:Bending of laminated composite plates, thin laminated plate theory, deflection of all edges simply supported rectangular symmetric cross-ply laminate, two opposite edges simply supported.
Books:Quality estimation: Principles of estimation, methods and units, Estimation of materials in buildings, Culverts and bridges.
Module IIPrinciples of general and detailed specification for various types building works. Analysis of rates, description, Prime cost, Schedule rates, Analysis of rates for various types of works.
Module � IIINetwork techniques, Introduction to CPM/ PERT methods and their use in project planning construction schedules for jobs, materials equipments, labour and finance.
Reference Books:Introduction, historical review, engineering and aesthetic requirements in bridge design. Introduction to bridge codes. Economic evaluation of a bridge project. Site investigation and planning. Bridge hydrology, economic span, Scour - factors affecting the scour and evaluation of scour .
Module IIStandards for loadings for bridge design. IRC loadings, Bridge foundations - open, pile, well and caisson. Piers, abutments and approach structures; Superstructure - right, skew and curved slabs. Girder bridges - types, load distribution, Orthotropic plate analysis of bridge decks, solution of typical problems using Courbon�s method of analysis
Module IIIIntroduction to long span bridges - cantilever, arch, cable stayed and suspension bridges. Methods of construction of R.C Bridges, Prestressed concrete bridges and steel bridges Fabrication, Lounching & creation. construction joints (use of relevant codes of practice are permitted in the examination).
Reference Books:
Understanding Entrepreneurship: Concept of Entrepreneurship, Motivation for Economic Development and Entrepreneurial Achievement, Enterprise and Society
Why and how to start Business � Entrepreneurial traits and skills, Mind Vrs Money in Commencing New Ventures, Entrepreneurial success and failures, Environmental dynamics and change.
Entrepreneurial Process: Step by step approach to entrepreneurial start up Decision for Entrepreneurial start up.
Identifying the Business opportunity - Business opportunities in various sectors, formalities for setting up small enterprises in manufacturing and services, Environmental pollution and allied regulatory and non-regulatory clearances for new venture promotion in SME sector.
Writing a Business plan, components of a B-Plan, determining Bankability of the project.
Institutional Support for SME : Central / State level Institution promoting SME. Financial Management in small business. Marketing Management, problems & strategies
Problems of HRM � Relevant Labour � laws.
Sickness in Small Enterprises. Causes and symptoms of sickness � cures of sickness. Govt. policies on revival of sickness and remedial measures.
Overview of Graphics System: Video Display Units, Raster-Scan and Random Scan Systems, Graphics Input and Output Devices.
Output Primitives: Line drawing Algorithms: DDA and Bresenham�s Line Algorithm, Circle drawing Algorithms: Midpoint Circle Algorithm and Bresenham�s Circle drawing Algorithm.
Two Dimensional Geometric Transformation: Basic Transformation (Translation, rotation, Scaling) Matrix Representation, Composite Transformations, Reflection, Shear, Transformation between coordinate systems.
Two Dimensional Viewing: Window-to- View port Coordinate Transformation.
Line Clipping (Cohen-Sutherland Algorithm) and Polygon Clipping (Sutherland-Hodgeman Algorithm).
Aliasing and Antialiasing, Half toning, Thresholding and Dithering, Scan conversion of Character.
Polygon Filling: Seed Fill Algorithm, Scan line Algorithm.
Two Dimensional Object Representation: Spline Representation, Bezier Curves and B-Spline Curves.
Fractal Geometry: Fractal Classification and Fractal Dimension.
Three Dimensional Geometric and Modeling Transformations: Translation Rotation, Scaling, Reflections, shear, Composite Transformation.
Projections: Parallel Projection and Perspective Projection.
Visible Surface Detection Methods: Back-face Detection, Depth Buffer, A- Buffer, Scan- line Algorithm and Painters Algorithm.
Illumination Models: Basic Models, Displaying Light Intensities.
Surface Rendering Methods: Polygon Rendering Methods: Gouraud Shading and Phong Shading.
Computer Animation: Types of Animation, Key frame Vs. Procedural Animation, methods of controlling Animation, Morphing.
Virtual Reality: Types of Virtual reality systems, Input and Output Virtual Reality devices.
What is Artificial Intelligence? AI Technique, Level of the Model,Problem Spaces, and Search: Defining the Problem as a State Space Search, Production Systems, Problem Characteristics, Production System Characteristics, Issues in the Design of Search Programs.Heuristic Search Techniques: Generate-and-Test, Hill Climbing, Best-first Search, Problem Reduction, Constraint Satisfaction, Means-ends Analysis,Knowledge Representation: Representations and Mappings, Approaches to Knowledge Representation, Using Predicate Logic: Representing Simple Facts in Logic, Representing Instance and ISA Relationships, Computable Functions and Predicates, Resolution, Natural Deduction.Using Rules: Procedural Versus Declarative Knowledge, Logic Programming, Forward Versus Backward Reasoning, Matching, Control Knowledge.Symbolic Reasoning Under Uncertainty: Introduction to Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Logics for Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Implementation Issues, Augmenting a Problem-solver, Depth-first Search, Breadth-first Search.Weak and Strong Slot-and-Filler Structures: Semantic Nets, Frames, Conceptual DependencyScripts, CYC.
Module 2Game Playing: The Minimax Search Procedure, Adding Alpha-beta Cutoffs, Iterative Deepening.Planning: The Blocks World, Components of a Planning System, Goal Stack Planning, Nonlinear Planning Using Constraint Posting, Hierarchical PlanningOther Planning Techniques.Understanding: What is Understanding, What Makes Understanding Hard?, Understanding as Constraint Satisfaction.Natural Language Processing: Introduction, Syntactic Processing, Semantic Analysis, Discourse and Pragmatic Processing, Statistical Natural Language Processing, Spell Checking.
Module 3Learning: Rote Learning, Learning by Taking Advice, Learning in Problem-solving, Learning from Examples: Induction, Explanation-based Learning, Discovery, Analogy, Formal Learning Theory, Neural Net Learning and Genetic Learning. Expert Systems: Representing and Using Domain Knowledge, Expert System Shells, Explanation, Knowledge Acquisition.
Text Book: