Understanding Entrepreneurship: Concept of Entrepreneurship, Motivation for Economic Development and Entrepreneurial Achievement, Enterprise and Society. Why and how to start Business - Entrepreneurial traits and skills, Mind Vrs Money in Commencing New Ventures, Entrepreneurial success and failures, Environmental dynamics and change.
Entrepreneurial Process: Step by step approach to entrepreneurial start up Decision for Entrepreneurial start up.
Setting up of a small Business Enterprise. Identifying the Business opportunity - Business opportunities in various sectors, formalities for setting up small enterprises in manufacturing and services, Environmental pollution and allied regulatory and non-regulatory clearances for new venture promotion in SME sector. Writing a Business plan, components of a B-Plan, determining Bankability of the project.
Module - III Institutional Support for SME. Central / State level Institution promoting SME. Financial Management in small business. Marketing Management, problems & strategies Problems of HRM - Relevant Labour - laws.
Sickness in Small Enterprises. Causes and symptoms of sickness - cures of sickness. Govt. policies on revival of sickness and remedial measures.
Overview of Graphics System: Video Display Units, Raster-Scan and Random Scan Systems, Graphics Input and Output Devices.
Output Primitives: Line drawing Algorithms: DDA and Bresenham's Line Algorithm, Circle drawing Algorithms: Midpoint Circle Algorithm and Bresenham's Circle drawing Algorithm.
Two Dimensional Geometric Transformation: Basic Transformation (Translation, rotation, Scaling) Matrix Representation, Composite Transformations, Reflection, Shear, Transformation between coordinate systems.
Two Dimensional Viewing: Window-to- View port Coordinate Transformation.
Line Clipping (Cohen-Sutherland Algorithm) and Polygon Clipping (Sutherland-Hodgeman Algorithm).
Aliasing and Antialiasing, Half toning, Thresholding and Dithering, Scan conversion of Character.
Polygon Filling: Seed Fill Algorithm, Scan line Algorithm.
Two Dimensional Object Representation: Spline Representation, Bezier Curves and B-Spline Curves.
Fractal Geometry: Fractal Classification and Fractal Dimension.
Three Dimensional Geometric and Modeling Transformations: Translation Rotation, Scaling, Reflections, shear, Composite Transformation.
Projections: Parallel Projection and Perspective Projection.
Visible Surface Detection Methods: Back-face Detection, Depth Buffer, A- Buffer, Scan- line Algorithm and Painters Algorithm.
Illumination Models: Basic Models, Displaying Light Intensities.
Surface Rendering Methods: Polygon Rendering Methods: Gouraud Shading and Phong Shading.
Computer Animation: Types of Animation, Key frame Vs. Procedural Animation, methods of controlling Animation, Morphing.
Virtual Reality: Types of Virtual reality systems, Input and Output Virtual Reality devices
Evolution and impact of Software engineering, software life cycle models; Feasibility study, Functional and Non-functional requirements, Requirement analysis and specification.
Module - IIBasic issues in software design, modularity, cohesion, coupling and layering, function-oriented software design, object modeling using UML, Object-oriented software development, user interface design. Coding standards and Code review techniques.
Module - IIIFundamentals of testing, White-box, and black-box testing, Test coverage analysis and test case design techniques, mutation testing, Static and dynamic analysis, Reliability and Quality management, ISO and SEI CMMI, PSP and Six Sigma. Computer aided software engineering, software maintenance, software reuse, Component-based software development.
Text Books: What is Artificial Intelligence? AI Technique, Level of the Model,Problem Spaces, and Search: Defining the Problem as a State Space Search, Production Systems, Problem Characteristics, Production System Characteristics, Issues in the Design of Search Programs. Heuristic Search Techniques: Generate-and-Test, Hill Climbing, Best-first Search, Problem Reduction, Constraint Satisfaction, Means-ends Analysis,
Knowledge Representation: Representations and Mappings,Approaches to Knowledge Representation
Using Predicate Logic: Representing Simple Facts in Logic,Representing Instance and ISA Relationships, Computable Functions and Predicates, Resolution
Natural Deduction Using Rules: Procedural Versus Declarative Knowledge, Logic Programming,Forward Versus Backward Reasoning, Matching, Control Knowledge.
Symbolic Reasoning Under Uncertainty: Introduction to Nonmonotonic Reasoning, Logics for Nonmonotonic Reasoning,Implementation Issues, Augmenting a Problem-solver, Depth-first Search,Breadth-first Search.
Weak and Strong Slot-and-Filler Structures: Semantic Nets, Frames, Conceptual DependencyScripts, CYC.
Game Playing: The Minimax Search Procedure, Adding Alpha-beta Cutoffs
Iterative Deepening Planning: The Blocks World, Components of a Planning System, Goal Stack Planning, Nonlinear Planning Using Constraint Posting, Hierarchical PlanningOther Planning Techniques.
Understanding: What is Understanding, What Makes Understanding Hard?, Understanding as Constraint Satisfaction.
Natural Language Processing: Introduction, Syntactic Processing, Semantic Analysis, Discourse and Pragmatic Processing, Statistical Natural Language Processing, Spell Checking.
Learning: Rote Learning, Learning by Taking Advice, Learning in Problem-solving,
Learning from Examples: Induction, Explanation-based Learning, Discovery, Analogy, Formal Learning Theory, Neural Net Learning and Genetic Learning.
Expert Systems: Representing and Using Domain Knowledge, Expert System Shells, Explanation, Knowledge Acquisition.
Introduction to Information Security: Security Goals, Attacks, Security Services and Mechanisms
Mathematical Background: Integer and Modular Arithmetic, Matrices, Linear Congruence. Groups, Rings, and Fields, GF(p), Euclidean and Extended Euclidean Algorithms, Polynomial Arithmetic, GF(2n). Random Number Generation, Prime Numbers, Fermat's and Euler's Theorems, Primality Testing Methods, Factorization, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Quadratic Congruence, Discrete Logarithms.
Traditional Encryption Methods: Symmetric Cipher Model, Substitution Ciphers, Transposition Ciphers, Block and Stream Ciphers, Rotor Cipher, Steganography.
Symmetric Key Ciphers: Data Encryption Standard, Advanced Encryption Standard. Asymmetric Key Ciphers: RSA Cryptosystem, ElGamal Cryptosystem, Elliptic Curve Cryptosystem.
Message Integrity, Authentication: Message Integrity, Random Oracle Model, Message Authentication, MAC Algorithms. Cryptographic Hash Functions: MD Hash Family, Whirlpool, Secure Hash Algorithm. Digital Signature and Authentication: Digital Signature Schemes, Variations and Applications, Entity Authentication.Key Management: Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange.
Network and System Security: Security at the Application Layer: e-mail security, PGP and S/MIME. Security at the Transport Layer: Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS). Security at the Network Layer: IP Security.
System Security: Malicious Software, Malicious Programs, Viruses, Worms, Malware, Intrusion Detection System, Firewalls.
Introduction: What is real time, Applications of Real-Time systems, A basic model of Real-time system, Characteistics of Real-time system, Safety and Reliability, Types of Real-time tasks, timing constraints, Modelling timing constraints Real-Time Task Scheduling: Some important concepts, Types of Real-time tasks and their characteristics, Task scheduling, Clock-Driven scheduling, Hybrid schedulers, Event-Driven scheduling, Earliest Deadline First (EDF) scheduling, Rate monotonic algorithm (RMA). Some issues Associated with RMA. Issues in using RMA practical situations.
Module - IIHandling Resource Sharing and dependencies among Real-time Tasks: Resource sharing among real-time tasks. Priority inversion. Priority Inheritance Protocol (PIP), Highest Locker Protocol (HLP). Priority Ceiling Protocol (PCP). Different types of priority inversions under PCP.Important features of PCP. Some issues in using a resource sharing protocol. Handling task dependencies. Scheduling Real-time tasks in multiprocessor and distributed systems: Multiprocessor task allocation, Dynamic allocation of tasks. Fault tolerant scheduling of tasks. Clock in distributed Real-time systems, Centralized clock synchronization.
Module - III Commercial Real-time operating systems: Time services, Features of a Real-time operating system, Unix as a Real-time operating system, Unix-based Real-time operating systems, Windows as a Real-time operating system,POSIX-RT, A survey of contemporary Real-time operating systems. Benchmarking real-time systems.
Real-time Databases: Example applications of Real-time databases. Review of basic database concepts, Real-time databases, Characteristics of temporal data. Concurrency control in real-time databases. Commercial real-time databases. Real-time Communication: Basic concepts, Examples of applications, Real-time communication in a LAN and Real-time communication over packet switched networks.
Evolution of Microprocessors, Instruction set processor design, Principles of processor performance, Instruction-level Parallelism, RISC and CISC architectures, Pipelining fundamentals, Arithmetic and instruction pipelining, Pipeline hazards, Minimizing pipeline stalls, Branch Prediction, superscalar and superpipelined architectures.
Module - II: (Memory and I/O Architecture)Hierarchical memory technology; Multi-level caches, Data and Instruction caches, Cache optimizations, Memory Management hardware, I/O systems: Peripheral and Processor-Memory buses, Split transaction buses, USB.
Module - III: (Multiprocessor Architecture)Basic multiprocessor architecture, Cache coherence, multithreaded processors, VLIW processor architectures. Array and vector processors. Case studies :MIPS architecture, Intel Series of processors, Pentium's Internally RISC and externally CISC, Hyper threading, SPARC and ARM processors.
Text Books:Introduction to Soft Computing, Artificial Neural Network(ANN): Fundamentals of ANN, Basic Models of an artificial Neuron, Neural Network Architecture, Learning methods, Terminologies of ANN, Hebb network, Supervised Learning Networks: Perceptron, MLP, Architecture of a Back propagation Network: back propagation, Learning Effect of Tunning parameters of the Back propagation, Adaline, Madaline, RBF Network, Associative memory: Auto, hetero and linear associative memory, network, Adaptive Resonance Theory ART1, ART2, Applications
Module - II FUZZY LOGIC: Fuzzy set theory: crisp sets, fuzzy sets, crisp relations, fuzzy relations, Fuzzy Systems: Crisp logic predicate logic, fuzzy logic, fuzzy Rule based system, Defuzzification Methods, Fuzzy rule based reasoning
GENETIC ALGORITHMS: Fundamentals of genetic algorithms: Encoding, Fitness functions, Reproduction. Genetic Modeling: Cross cover, Inversion and deletion, Mutation operator, Bit-wise operators, Bitwise operators used in GA. Convergence of Genetic algorithm. Applications , Real life Problems.
Hybrid Soft Computing Techniques Hybrid system, neural Networks, fuzzy logic and Genetic algorithms hybrids. Genetic Algorithm based Back propagation Networks: GA based weight determination applications: Fuzzy logic controlled genetic Algorithms soft computing tools, Applications.
Text Books:Activities in Software Project Management, Overview Of Project Planning, Stepwise planning, contract management, Software processes and process models. Cost Benefit Analysis, Cash Flow Forecasting, Cost-Benefit Evaluation Techniques, Risk Evaluation. Project costing, COCOMO 2, Staffing pattern, Effect of schedule compression, Putnam's equation, Capers Jones estimating rules of thumb, Project Sequencing and Scheduling Activities, Scheduling resources, Critical path analysis, Network Planning, Risk Management, Nature and Types of Risks, Managing Risks, Hazard Identification, Hazard Analysis, Risk Planning and Control, PERT and Monte Carlo Simulation techniques.
Module - II: (Monitoring And Control)Collecting Data, Visualizing Progress, Cost Monitoring, review techniques, project termination review, Earned Value analysis, Change Control, Software Configuration Management (SCM), Managing Contracts, Types Of Contracts, Stages In Contract Placement, Typical Terms of A Contract, Contract Management and Acceptance.
Module - III: (Quality Management and People Management)Introduction, Understanding Behavior, Organizational Behaviour, Selecting The Right Person For The Job, Motivation, The Oldman - Hackman Job Characteristics Model , Working in Groups, Organization and team structures, Decision Making, Leadership, Organizational Structures, Stress, Health And Safety. ISO and CMMI models, Testing, and Software reliability, test automation, Overview of project management tools.
Text Books: Introduction: Historical Perspective, VLSI Design Methodologies, VLSI Design Flow, Design Hierarchy, Concept of Regularity, Modularity and Locality, VLSI Design Styles, Computer-Aided Design Technology.
Fabrication of MOSFETs: Introduction, Fabrication Processes Flow - Basic Concepts, The CMOS n-Well Process, Layout Design Rules, Stick Diagrams, Full-Customs Mask Layout Design.
MOS Transistor: The Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) Structure, The MOS System under External Bias, Structure and Operation of MOS Transistor (MOSFET), MOSFET Current-Voltage Characteristics, MOSFET Scaling and Small-Geometry Effects, MOSFET Capacitance.
(Chapter 1 to 3 of Text Book 1 and for Stick Diagram Text Book 2)
MOS Inverters - Static Characteristics: Introduction, Resistive-Load Inverters, Inverters with n-Type MOSFET Load, CMOS Inverter.
MOS Inverters - Switching Characteristics and Interconnect Effects: Introduction, Delay-Time Definitions, Calculation of Delay-Times, Inverter Design with Delay Constraints, Estimation of Interconnect Parasitics, Calculation of Interconnect Delay, Switching Power Dissipation of CMOS Inverters.
Combinational MOS Logic Circuits: Introduction, MOS Logic Circuits with Depletion nMOS Loads, CMOS Logic Circuits, Complex Logic Circuits, CMOS Transmission Gates (Pass Gates).
(Chapter 5 to 7 of Text Book 1)
Sequential MOS Logic Circuits: Introduction, Behaviour of Bistable Elements, SR Latch Circuits, Clocked Latch and Flip-Flop Circuits, CMOS D-Latch and Edge-Triggered Flip-Flop.
Dynamic Logic Circuits: Introduction, Basic Principles of Pass Transistor Circuits, Voltage Bootstrapping, Synchronous Dynamic Circuit Techniques, Dynamic CMOS Circuit Techniques, High Performance Dynamic CMOS Circuits.
Semiconductor Memories: Introduction, Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Non-volatile Memory, Flash Memory.
Design for Testability: Introduction, Fault Types and Models, Ad Hoc Testable Design Techniques, Scan-Based Techniques, Built-In Self-Test (BIST) Techniques, Current Monitoring IDDQ Test.
Fundamentals of Biomedical Instrumentation: Sources of Biomedical Signals, Basic Medical Instrumentation System, Intelligent Medical Instrumentation Systems, PC Based Medical Instrumentation Systems, General Constraints & Regulations of Medical Devices
Biomedical Signals & Electrodes: Origin of Bioelectric Signals-Repolarization, Depolarization, Resting Potential Recording Electrodes - Ag-AgCl Electrodes, Electrodes for ECG, EEG, EMG, Microelectrodes, Skin Contact Impedance, Motion Artifacts
Physiological Transducers: Introduction to Physiological Transducers, Classification of Transducers, Pressure Transducers, Transducers for Body Temperature Measurement, Biosensors, Smart Sensors
Biomedical Recording Systems: Basic Recording Systems, General Considerations for Signal Conditioners, Biomedical Signal Analysis Techniques, Signal Processing Techniques, Writing Systems: Direct Writing Recorders, Inkjet Recorder, Potentiometric Recorders, Digital Recorders
Biomedical Recorders: Electrocardiograph (ECG), Phonocardiograph, Electroencephalograph (EEG), Electromayograph (EMG)
Patient Monitoring Systems: System Concepts, Measurement of Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Measurement, Measurement of Respiration Rate
Blood Flow meters: Electromagnetic Blood Flow meter, Ultrasonic Blood Flow meter, NMR Blood Flow meter, Laser-Doppler Blood Flow meter
Patient Safety: Electric Shock Hazards, Leakage Currents, Safety Codes for Biomedical Equipment.
Introduction: Fundamentals of switching system, telecommunication networks.
Electronic space division switching: Stored program control, centralized and distributed SPC, application software architecture, enhanced services, two and three stage & n stage networks.
Time Division Switching: Basic time division space switching, time division time switching, time multiplexed space and time switching, combination switching, three-stage & n stge combination switching. (Chapter 1, 4 and 6)
Traffic Engineering: Network traffic load and parameters, Grade of services & blocking probability, modeling of switching systems, incoming traffic & service time characterization, blocking models and loss estimates, Delay systems (Chapter 8)
Telephone Networks: Subscriber loop systems, switching hierarchy and routing, transmission plan, transmission systems, Signaling techniques : in channel & common channel signaling (Chapter 9)
Data Networks: Data transmission in PSTN, switching techniques, Data communication architecture, link-to-link layers, end-to-end layers, satellite based data networks, an overview of data network standards. (Chapter 10)
Integrated Service Digital Network: Motivation, new services, transmission channels, signalling, service characterization, ISDN standards, broad band ISDN, voice data integration (Chapter 11)
Discrete Time Signals and System. Discrete Time Signals (Elementary examples, classification : periodic and a periodic Signals energy and Power signals, Even and Odd Signals).
Discrete Time System: Block diagram representation of discrete time systems, classification of discrete time systems -static and dynamic, time variant and time - invariant, linear and non-linear, casual and anti-casual, stable and unstable.
Analysis and response (convolution sum ) of discrete - time linear LTI system, Recursive and Non-recursive discrete time system. Constant coefficient differences equations and their solutions, impulse response of LTI system, structures of LTI systems Recursive and Non-recursive realization of FIR system. Correlation of dispute time Signal.
Selected portions from Chapter 2 (2.1, 2.2,2.3,2.4,2.5, 2.6.1) of Textbook - I Chapter 1 of Textbook- 2.
The Z transform: The Z-transform and one-sided Z-transform, properties of Z-transform , inverse of the Z-transform , Solution of difference equations.
Selected portions from Chapters 3 (3.1, 3.2,3.5) of Textbook - I Selected portion of chapter 4 of Textbook - 2
The Discrete Fourier Transform: The DFT and IDFT, relationship, DFT with Z- transform, the DFT as a linear transformation Relationship of DFT with Z-transform, properties of DFT: periodicity, linearity, summery and time reversal of a sequence.
Circular convolution, circular correlation, circular correction by convolution, method linear convolution by overlap save methods and by overlap add method, Circular convolution and correlation by DFT method, Overlap add and save filtering by DFT method.
Selected portion from Chapter - 5 (5.1.2,5.1.3,5.1.4,5.2,5.2.1,5.2.2, 5.2.3, 5.3.2) of textbook -1. Selected portion of chapter 6 of textbook - 2.
Fast Fourier Transform: Operation counts by direct copulation of DFT, Radix - 2 FFT algorithm- Decimation -in-time (DIT) and Decimation - in frequency (DIF) algorithm, Efficient computation DFT of Two real sequences , Efficient Computation of DFT of a 2 N-pt real sequences.
Selected portions from chapter 6 (6.1.1,6.1.3, 6.2.1, 6.2.2) of Text book -I Selected portions from chapter 7 and 8 of Text book - 2.
Design and Digital Filters: Casually and its implication, Design of linear phase FIR filters using different windows. Design of IIR filters - Impulse Invariance Method and Bilinear transformation method. Selected portions from chapter 8 (8.1.1, 8.2.1, 8.2.2., 8.3.2,8.3.3.) of Text book - I
Develop requirements specification for a given problem
(The requirements specification should include both functional and non-functional requirements.
For a set of about 20 sample problems, see the questions section of Chap 6 of Software Engineering book of Rajib Mall)
Develop DFD Model (Level 0, Level 1 DFD and data dictionary) of the sample problem
(Use of a CASE tool required)
Develop Structured design for the DFD model developed
Experiment 4:Develop UML Use case model for a problem (Use of a CASE tool any of Rational rose, Argo UML, or Visual Paradigm etc. is required)
Experiment 5:Develop Sequence Diagrams
Experiment 6:Develop Class diagrams
Experiment 7:Develop code for the developed class model using Java
Experiment 8:Use testing tool such as Junit
Experiment 9:Use a configuration management tool
Experiment 9:Use any one project management tool such as Microsoft Project or Gantt Project, etc.